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The first distinction between different drug types is whether it is legal or illegal.
Drugs are also classified in different categories. Here is a brief classification of some drugs:
1. Sedative hypnotics
These cause slowing down or depression of the central nervous system. All sedative hypnotics produce severe dependence. • Alcohol (ethyl alcohol/ethanol) • Barbiturates • Halcion • Inhalants (Glue, petrol) • Methaqualone (Mandrax)
• Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB)
2. Tranquilisers
Like sedative hypnotics, they produce a feeling of calmness at lower doses, but they are much milder. • Ativan (lorazepam) • Librium (chlordiazepoxide) • Serepax (oxazepam) • Valium (diazepam)
• Rohypnol (Flunitrazepam)
3. Cannabis Sativa / Dagga
Also considered to have mild hallucinogen qualities among others.
• Hashish (powdered and compressed)
• Hash oil
• Space cakes (edible form)
4. Hallucinogens
Often called "psychedelic drugs", they cause hallucination. There are currently no medical uses for hallucinogenic drugs. • Amphetamines and methamphetamines. • LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) • PCP (phencyclidine)
• Ketamine (Veterinary anaesthetic)
• Psilocybin (magic mushrooms)
• Datura Stramonium (Malpitte, African acid)
5. Narcotic analgesics (Opiates)
These are highly addictive pain killing drugs that may also produce a euphoric sense of well being that is often followed by drowsiness, nausea and vomiting. Some are natural drugs, which come from the *opium poppy others are synthetic.
• Opium (raw form)*
• Codeine*
• Morphine*
• Heroin* (Sugars, Nyaope)
• Fentanyl • Methadone • Pethidine • Wellconal (Pinks)
6. Stimulants
These are drugs that excite, stimulate or speed up your nervous system. • Amphetamines
• Methamphetamines (Tik) • Cocaine and Crack • Ecstasy
• Ephedrine
• Cat
• Khat • Tobacco
7. Anabolic Steroids
These are a group of powerful compounds closely related to the male sex hormone testosterone.
8. Designer drugs
Illegal drugs are defined in terms of their formulae. To circumvent these legal restrictions, underground chemists modify the molecular structure of certain illegal drugs to produce analogues known as designer drugs. • Analogue hallucinogens include analogues of Amphetamines or Methamphetamines e.g. MDMA or Ecstasy. • Analogue narcotics include analogues of Fentanil or Meperidine e.g. MPTP (new heroin) • Analogues of Phencyclidine (PCP)
Credits: adapted from a book by Dr. A van Eeden / Doctors for Life
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